Trade Knowledge Hub

Learn how to precisely calculate import duties for France: formulas, rates by product category, worked example, and FAQ.

Everything about landed cost: precise definition, detailed formula component by component, EXW/FOB/CIF/DDP comparison, and step-by-step example.

Master all 11 Incoterms 2020: comparison table, cost and risk allocation, which Incoterm to choose, and impact on customs value.

Step-by-step guide to importing from China to France: complete process, real cost breakdown, required documents, common pitfalls, and worked example.

Complete guide to EU anti-dumping duties and US Section 301 tariffs: product lists, rates, margin impact, reduction strategies, and worked calculation examples.

Complete guide to importing from China to Algeria in 2026: customs duties (0-30%), DAPS surcharge, bank domiciliation, NIF, conformity certificate, CNIS inspection, maritime freight Shenzhen-Algiers, and cost example for electronics.

Complete guide to importing from Turkey to France in 2026: EU-Turkey customs union (0% on industrial goods), A.TR certificate, EUR.1 for agriculture, textile specifics, road and maritime freight, and cost example for textile import.

Complete guide to importing a vehicle to Morocco in 2026: customs duties (2.5% to 25%), TIC tax by fiscal horsepower, 20% VAT, 5-year age limit, DAPS, MRE exemptions, and full cost example for a EUR 15,000 Toyota Corolla.

Complete guide to importing a vehicle to Egypt: customs duties by engine CC, development fee, service tax, required documents, restrictions and cost example.

Master customs classification: HS code structure, GRI rules 1-6, TARIC vs HTS, common mistakes, BTI rulings, and the impact on duties, quotas and trade agreements.

Everything about import VAT: calculation base (CIF + duties + handling), rates by country, France reverse charge since 2022, business recovery and special regimes.

All the documents needed for import-export: commercial invoice, packing list, Bill of Lading, certificate of origin (EUR.1, ATR, Form A), customs declaration, health certificates and digital trends.

Everything about free trade zones (FTZ, SEZ, EPZ): definition, types, customs and tax advantages, comparison of the 15 most strategic zones worldwide (Jebel Ali, Shenzhen, Shannon, Tanger Med), costs and legal framework.

Complete guide to pre-shipment inspection (PSI): definition, countries requiring PSI, approved agencies (SGS, Bureau Veritas, Intertek), inspection types, costs, AQL standards, preparation tips and 2026 trends.

Expert guide for choosing your freight forwarder: selection criteria, questions to ask, FIATA certification, NVOCC vs forwarder, comparison of top 10 global forwarders, pricing structure and red flags to avoid.

LCL or FCL? Complete guide to choosing the right ocean shipping mode: definitions, cost comparison, container sizes (20ft, 40ft, 40HC), CBM calculation, CFS charges, demurrage/detention, transit times and break-even analysis.

Everything you need to know about the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA): 22 member countries, tariff elimination, 40% rules of origin, certificate requirements, product coverage, exceptions, and practical Morocco-Egypt-Saudi Arabia trade examples.

Discover the 15 most costly mistakes made by importers: wrong HS classification, undervaluing goods, ignoring landed cost, wrong Incoterm, and more. Financial impact and solutions for each mistake.

Practical guide to accurately calculate your import margin: markup vs margin formulas, industry benchmarks, pricing strategies, currency impact and detailed calculation example.